Tập tành chọt Cache Context - Cache Tags - Disabled Cache
8th Jul 2022
The following examples will use a custom block to show how the caching works in Drupal 8 and 9, but you can use the same thing for any rendered array.
You can disable cache for a custom block in two different ways. You can either use the UncacheableDependencyTrait trait:
<?php
namespace Drupal\test_module\Plugin\Block;
use Drupal\Core\Block\BlockBase;
use Drupal\Core\Cache\UncacheableDependencyTrait;
/**
* Provides a 'Test block' Block.
*
* @Block(
* id = "test_block",
* admin_label = @Translation("Test block"),
* category = @Translation("Test block"),
* )
*/
class TestBlock extends BlockBase {
use UncacheableDependencyTrait;
public function build() {
return [
'#markup' => $this->t('Time is: ') . time(),
];
}
}
or you can set the cache max-age like this:
<?php
namespace Drupal\test_module\Plugin\Block;
use Drupal\Core\Block\BlockBase;
/**
* Provides a 'Test block' Block.
*
* @Block(
* id = "test_block",
* admin_label = @Translation("Test block"),
* category = @Translation("Test block"),
* )
*/
class TestBlock extends BlockBase {
public function build() {
return [
'#markup' => $this->t('Time is: ') . time(),
'#cache' => [
'max-age' => 0,
]
];
}
}
If you don't want to completely disable the cache for a block, you can use the cache contexts. For example, you can use the user cache context. By using this cache context you will cache the block for each user. This makes sense if the block content is unique to each user. You can see the full list of available cache contexts here.
<?php
namespace Drupal\test_module\Plugin\Block;
use Drupal\Core\Block\BlockBase;
/**
* Provides a 'Test block' Block.
*
* @Block(
* id = "test_block",
* admin_label = @Translation("Test block"),
* category = @Translation("Test block"),
* )
*/
class TestBlock extends BlockBase {
public function build() {
$email = \Drupal::currentUser()->getEmail();
return [
'#markup' => $this->t('Your email is: ') . $email,
'#cache' => [
'contexts' => [
'user',
],
]
];
}
}
And the last thing that I want to show you are cache tags. Let's say that a block's content depends on the specific node. You want to make sure that each time the node is updated, that block cache will be invalidated. You can do that like this:
<?php
namespace Drupal\test_module\Plugin\Block;
use Drupal\Core\Block\BlockBase;
/**
* Provides a 'Test block' Block.
*
* @Block(
* id = "test_block",
* admin_label = @Translation("Test block"),
* category = @Translation("Test block"),
* )
*/
class TestBlock extends BlockBase {
public function build() {
$node = \Drupal\node\Entity\Node::load(1);
$node_title = $node->getTitle();
return [
'#markup' => $this->t('The title of node #1 is: ') . $node_title,
'#cache' => [
'tags' => ['node:1'],
]
];
}
}
IMPORTANT NOTE: all this applies only to logged-in users! Next time we'll see how caching works for anonymous users.
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